Reliability, speed and endurance are common and key factors for an efficient operation of systems and robots among the broad field of the Factory Automation. These features play a central role also in the electro-mechanical components of the machines applied in the motion control technology.
To achieve this we source a wide range of extensive models of encoders with a high level of technical parameters, that satisfy the needs of this macro-area of application in terms of electronics – with several interfaces and output frequencies available – and mechanics – with a large number of flanges and diameters options – in order to offer a wide spectrum of standard products.
Encoders are used to translate rotary or linear motion into a digital signal. Usually this is for the purpose of monitoring or controlling motion parameters such as speed, rate, direction, distance or position. When applying encoders, selecting the optimum model and specifying the appropriate configuration are critical for success. Proper encoder selection begins by understanding the role of the encoder in the motion control system.
| Absolute Encoders | Incremental Encoders |
| Rotary Encoder | Heavy Duty Encoders |
| Incremental / Absolute | Rotary encoders / Linear encoders | Singleturn / Multiturn | Wire draw encoders / Linear encoders |
| Interface connection | Shaft diameter | Type of mounting shaft | Resolution required |
| Output phases | Power supply voltage | Degree of protection | Coupling |
| Aerospace | Material Handling | Mobile Equipment | Packaging |
| Textiles | Timber Products | Converting | Printing |
| Metal Forming & Fabrication | Food & Beverage |
| Linear Measurement | Motor Feedback | Web Tensioning | Cut-to-Length |
| Registration Mark Timing | Backstop Gauging | Filling | Conveying |
| Spooling or Level Wind | X-Y Positioning | Ball Screw Positioning |
So an encoder is used to reduce the number of wires needed in a circuit and how does it do that it does by giving coded output by assigning a priority to a number of bits of input.
Explaining this so a priority encoder can have more than one inputs activated at the same time, the inputs were activated one at a time. Once for one particular combination y0 was active and then for the other combination y 1 was active and so on but for a priority encoder it does not matter how many number of inputs are activated because one particular input is given a priority. So let us take an example if we have an encoder with four inputs and two outputs again outputs are a1 and a0 and my inputs are 3 y 2 y 1 and y 0. So the priority is decreasing y 0 has the highest priority when defining and wise 3 has the lowest priority so that means if i want to declare that y 3 is 1 whatever the combination is present at y 1 y 0 it does not matter so we can declare it as don't care similarly if y 1 is 1, then y 0's it can be 1 or 0 it does not matter so, if y 1 is 1 y 0 does not matter it can be 1 or 0. it does not matter the output will be the same.
Let us see the truth table for this so because we have 4 inputs we are going to have 4 combinations now when all the inputs are 0, then the output is don't care now y 0 has the highest priority so when y 0 is 1 it's 0 0 now when y 1 is 1 it does not matter, if y 0 is 1 or 0 so we declare it as don't care and the other combinations are going to be 0 as previously so when y 1 is 1 and y 0 is 0 or 1. Which does not matter the output is 0 1. Similarly moving to the lower priority y 2 is 1 and y 1 and y 0 is again don't care and the output is 1 0 and for the last for the lowest priority y 3 is 1 then y 2 is don't care y 1 is don't care y 0 is don't care and the output is 1 0 just to remind what is don't care that means it can be 1 or 0.
So if we take a this logic so that means if the input is 0 0 1 1 then the output is again 0 1 only, also if it's 0 0 1 0 then the output will again be 1 0. so if y 0 is 1 or 0 it does not matter so don't care denoted by x the output will be the same now let us form the equations for a 1 and a 0 using a k map, so let us start filling up our k-map we see that the inputs are y 3 y 2 y 1 and y 0. so when 0 0 0 0 then a 1 is don't care this is for a 1 and this k map is for a 0.
So we have don't care and we have 0 0 0 we have 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 and again 1 1 1 1 so let us try and form the groupings over here so we have two groups this is our first group and this is our second group so in the first group we can see that y 3 is common in both of them this is for y 3 is 1 and the other things are changing so we have y 3 and then moving on to the next group we have this group where y 2 is common so y 2 now moving on to the equation for a 0 so when y 3 y 2 y 1 and y 0 is 0 0 0 0 that means 0 0 0 0 which is x so we have x and then we fill up the other spaces similarly 0 zero zero zero and then for these two combinations we have one one one one one one one one now forming the groups again so this is the first group that gets formed and the second group is 1 1 and these 1 1 to maximize the number of ones in one group so for this particular group the equation is this one is common that corresponds to y 3.
So we have y 3 plus for this other group of 1 1 and 1 1 we have y 2 bar and y 1. and hence these are the two equations for a 1 and a 0 for a priority encoder and these can be materialized into circuits using or gates and and not gates hence a priority encoder is really important because with the help of a priority encoder we can set the priority of a particular bit in my input combinations and not care about the other combinations.